Abstract
Arrow lighting Group is a business devopment team which focus in lighting solution throughout Asia Pacific region. We provide lighting platform solutions to lighting customer base on LED light source from Cree. In this application note, 5 key major technical area in developing LED lighting will be presented.
a)Cree LED as a high performance light source
b)LED driver solution overview
c)LED optics solution overview
d)Thermal management in LED lighting
e)Passive components (Circuit protection and connectors)
General design consideration in LED lighting
As to design a reliable and safety compiled LED lighting product for optimizing the energy utilization in LED light as well as extending the life span of LED, some engineering design idea need to consider as summarize in the follow:
a)Lighting Fixture Safety Requirement IEC60598
b)EMI compliance test EN55015 class B
c)Protection of lighting surge and strokes by IEC1000-4-5
d)Fixture Contamination (IP65 or above) for outdoor lighting
e)Power factor correction and harmonics pollution IEC1000-3-2 class C
f)Mechanical Stress in luminaries IEC-68-2 class C
g)Lighting surge protection
h)Long life and reliable, LED should compile LM80 lumen depreciation standard
i)Energy consumption by command of Energy star of DOE in USA
-PF > 0.7 for residential
-PF > 0.9 for commercial 25W above
-Standby power < 0.5W
-Life Time of luminaries in residential 25000 hrs
-Life Time of luminaries in commercial 35000 hrs
-High overall luminaries efficiency and CRI
The above listed is the general consideration for LED lighting luminaries design. Different application would bring additional types of requirement. For example, personal portable lighting may require an extended battery life and also an extreme low start up voltage, sometimes may also require rechargeable application. For retrofit lighting application, designer may consider Triac and transistor dimming compatible.
Cree LED as a high performance high efficient light source.
LED (lighting emitting diode) is an expanding market in replacing traditional light source. Compare with traditional lighting source such as Incandescent, halogen lamp, HID and fluorescent tube. LED offers the following advantages:
-Instant ON/OFF without any time delay
-Long life (50K hrs operating life with 30% of light degrade)
-High CRI up to 80
-High efficacy (approximately 100lm/W)
- No Pollutants
-Only require a low DC voltage start up
-Small form factor

Table 1. Life time and efficiency comparison (HP LED vs traditional light)
To replace traditional light source by environmental friendly LED in general illumination application, Cree Inc. introduce high power XRE, XPE, MX6 and XPG LED as well as high power multi-chip LED MCE and MPL from 1W at 139lm to 20W at 1350lm minimum. These LEDs are lighting class LED which are perfect to use in general lighting application such as portable lighting, retrofit lighting, industrial lighting, roadway and landscape lighting.
Apart from high power LED, Cree Inc also offers a series of high brightness LED in various form factors, this include P2, P4 as well as SMD PLCC, The major application includes signage, video screen and backlighting, automotive as well as general lighting. The well designed form factor and package in Cree high brightness LED extending the operating life and lumen maintenance in lighting fixtures design.
For certain application where color changing is required, Cree offers XP and MCE color LED which for application such as stage lighting, architectural lighting and retail display lighting etc.

Fig.1 Stage lighting which requires color changing
LED Driver Solution Overview
LED driver is the key component for power conversion in LED lighting. It converts an input AC or DC power into certain level of power in the form of constant current control. Moreover, it provides the following function for LED lighting.
a)Overvoltage protection;
b)Overcurrent/overloading protection
c)Overtemperature shutdown
d)EMI compatibility
e)Provide Dimming (Triac and PWM)
f)Constant current control
g)Surge protection
h)Minimized harmonic distortion to AC line utility.
LED driver solution in Arrow lighting mainly focus in 3 main application segment, which is DC/DC, low power AC/DC and high power AC/DC. Corresponding application area are summarized as follow:
a)DC/DC application: Torch, headlamp, automotive lighting, portable lighting
b)AC/DC application (<25W): Retrofit lighting application,interior, domestic and commercial lighting
c)AC/DC application (>25W): Street lighting, tunnel lighting, outdoor lighting.
In AC/DC lighting application, 25W is a minimum requirement for active power factor correction by guidance of IEC1000-3-2 class C for lighting application. Arrow lighting offers high efficiency, high reliable and safety compiled LED driver solution for various lighting application.

Fig.2 Typical functional block diagram of Streetlamp LED driver (TI TPS92210)
LED optics Solution
The LED itself has a build in lens where the viewing angle of high power XPE and MCE LED is 115 and 110 degree respectively. This lens in fact limited in its ability to gather and shape the light into an desired beam. Therefore, as in order gather the light and shape it into a beam. Secondary optics are used to modify the output beam of the LED such that the output beam of the finished lamp will efficiently meet the desired photometric specification defined by lighting designer.
Generally, there are two primary categories of secondary optics used, those that spread the incoming light (diverging optics), and those that gather the incoming light into a collimated beam (collimating optics)
Base on the available series of Cree LED, Arrow lighting solution offers different solution by various viewing angle and dimension. Arrow optics solution include common lens product such as single LED lens, 3 in 1 lens, LED lens with plastic housing as well as parabolic reflector. All the named lens products are in high efficiency for utilization of light.

Fig.3 LED primary optical system
Thermal management in LED lighting
Managing the thermal dissipation is one key area in LED lighting. A good thermal design not only reduces the thermal stress of LED, Moreover, it also extend the life time of LED as well as enhancing the LED lamp efficiency on utilization of power. Table 1 demonstrates the LED lumen maintenance by various junction temperature.

Table 1. Low temperature creates a longer life time.
Passive Components solution:
As in order to increase the reliability of LED fixtures, A well designed connector and circuit protection devices play an important role. Tyco Electronics introduce a no of circuit protection devices to prevent input voltage surge, meanwhile, an approved connectors is also critical to eliminate the probability of having cold soldering on MCPCB.

Fig.4 circuit protection devices in LED driver

Fig.5 Connector of Tyco Electronics
References:
1)“FAE Training - Cree as a light source”, Cree Inc, 2008
2)“Arrow lighting solution guide” Arrow Asia Pac, 2010